RGB Value
An RGB color value represents RED, GREEN, and BLUE light sources.
RGB Value
In CSS, a color can be specified as an RGB value, using this formula:
rgb(red, green, blue)
Each parameter (red, green, and blue) defines the intensity of the color between 0 and 255.
For example, rgb(255, 0, 0) is displayed as red, because red is set to its highest value (255) and the others are set to 0.
To display black, set all color parameters to 0, like this: rgb(0, 0, 0).
To display white, set all color parameters to 255, like this: rgb(255, 255, 255).
Experiment by mixing the RGB values below:
rgb(255, 99, 71)
RED
GREEN
BLUE
Example
Shades of gray are often defined using equal values for all the 3 light sources:
Example
RGBA Value
RGBA color values are an extension of RGB color values with an alpha channel - which specifies the opacity for a color.
An RGBA color value is specified with:
rgba(red, green, blue, alpha)
The alpha parameter is a number between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (not transparent at all):
Experiment by mixing the RGBA values below:
rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.5)
RED
GREEN
BLUE
ALPHA
Example
HEX Value
A hexadecimal color is specified with: #RRGGBB, where the RR (red), GG (green) and BB (blue) hexadecimal integers specify the components of the color.
HEX Value
In CSS, a color can be specified using a hexadecimal value in the form:
#rrggbb
Where rr (red), gg (green) and bb (blue) are hexadecimal values between 00 and ff (same as decimal 0-255).
For example, #ff0000 is displayed as red, because red is set to its highest value (ff) and the others are set to the lowest value (00).
To display black, set all values to 00, like this: #000000.
To display white, set all values to ff, like this: #ffffff.
Experiment by mixing the HEX values below:
#ff6347
RED
GREEN
BLUE
Example
Shades of gray are often defined using equal values for all the 3 light sources:
Example
3 Digit HEX Value
Sometimes you will see a 3-digit hex code in the CSS source.
The 3-digit hex code is a shorthand for some 6-digit hex codes.
The 3-digit hex code has the following form:
#rgb
Where r, g, and b represents the red, green, and blue components with values between 0 and f.
The 3-digit hex code can only be used when both the values (RR, GG, and BB) are the same for each components. So, if we have #ff00cc, it can be written like this: #f0c.
Here is an example:
Example
body {
background-color: #fc9; /* same as #ffcc99 */
}
h1 {
color: #f0f; /* same as #ff00ff */
}
p {
color: #b58; /* same as #bb5588 */
}HSL stands for hue, saturation, and lightness.
HSL Value
In CSS, a color can be specified using hue, saturation, and lightness (HSL) in the form:
hsl(hue, saturation, lightness)
Hue is a degree on the color wheel from 0 to 360. 0 is red, 120 is green, and 240 is blue.
Saturation is a percentage value, 0% means a shade of gray, and 100% is the full color.
Lightness is also a percentage, 0% is black, 50% is neither light or dark, 100% is white
Experiment by mixing the HSL values below:
hsl(0, 100%, 50%)
HUE
SATURATION
LIGHTNESS
Example
Saturation
Saturation can be described as the intensity of a color.
100% is pure color, no shades of gray
50% is 50% gray, but you can still see the color.
0% is completely gray, you can no longer see the color.
Example
Lightness
The lightness of a color can be described as how much light you want to give the color, where 0% means no light (black), 50% means 50% light (neither dark nor light) 100% means full lightness (white).
Example
Shades of Gray
Shades of gray are often defined by setting the hue and saturation to 0, and adjust the lightness from 0% to 100% to get darker/lighter shades:
Example
HSLA Value
HSLA color values are an extension of HSL color values with an alpha channel - which specifies the opacity for a color.
An HSLA color value is specified with:
hsla(hue, saturation, lightness, alpha)
The alpha parameter is a number between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (not transparent at all):
Experiment by mixing the HSLA values below:
hsla(0, 100%, 50%, 0.5)
HUE
SATURATION
LIGHTNESS
ALPHA
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