🧱 1. Printing Output
# The print() function is used to display output in Python.
print("Hello, Arvind!") # This will show the text on the screen
🧠 2. Variables and Data Types
Variables store data so you can use it later.
# String: text inside quotes
name = "Arvind"
# Integer: whole number without decimal
age = 25
# Float: number with decimal
height = 5.9
# Boolean: True or False values (used in logic)
is_student = True
# Displaying them
print("Name:", name)
print("Age:", age)
print("Height:", height)
print("Is Student:", is_student)
🧮 3. Mathematical Operations
a = 10
b = 3
print("Addition:", a + b) # 13
print("Subtraction:", a - b) # 7
print("Multiplication:", a * b) # 30
print("Division:", a / b) # 3.333...
print("Floor Division:", a // b) # 3 (no decimals)
print("Remainder:", a % b) # 1
print("Power:", a ** b) # 1000 (10^3)
🧵 4. Strings in Detail
Strings are text. You can manipulate them easily.
text = "Python Is Fun"
print(text.upper()) # Converts to UPPERCASE
print(text.lower()) # Converts to lowercase
print(text.title()) # Capitalizes Every Word
print(len(text)) # Number of characters
print(text[0]) # First letter → 'P'
print(text[-1]) # Last letter → 'n'
🎤 5. User Input
You can get input from the user using input().
# name = input("What is your name? ")
# print("Nice to meet you, " + name)
> ❗️Note: In most IDEs or online compilers, input() works only when running the script, not in notebook cells.
🔀 6. Conditions (if, elif, else)
age = 20
if age < 18:
print("You are a minor.")
elif age == 18:
print("You just became an adult!")
else:
print("You are an adult.")
> Python uses indentation (space) to define blocks (like if-else). Be consistent with it.
📦 7. Lists (like arrays)
# A list stores multiple items
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print("First fruit:", fruits[0]) # apple
print("Total fruits:", len(fruits))
# Adding a new fruit
fruits.append("orange")
print("Updated list:", fruits)
# Removing a fruit
fruits.remove("banana")
print("After removal:", fruits)
🔁 8. Loops
🔄 FOR loop (used to repeat over items in a list)
for fruit in fruits:
print("I like", fruit)
🔄 WHILE loop (runs while a condition is True)
count = 1
while count <= 3:
print("Count is:", count)
count += 1
🛠️ 9. Functions (Reusable Blocks of Code)
# Define a function
def greet_user(name):
print("Hello", name + "! Welcome to Python.")
# Call the function
greet_user("Arvind")
📦 Summary (So Far)
Concept Purpose
print()- Output something
Variables- Store data
input()-Get user input
if statements- Make decisions
Lists -Store multiple values
Loops- Repeat code
Functions - Reuse code
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