Python Operators - Complete Guide

Become More Then A coder | Learn & Start Coding Now.

---

✅ Python Operators – Complete Guide with Examples

---

🔹 What are Operators in Python?

Operators are symbols used to perform operations on variables and values.
Python has several categories of operators.

a = 10
b = 5
print(a + b)  # Output: 15

---

🔸 1. Arithmetic Operators

Used to perform mathematical operations.

Operator	Description	Example
+	Addition	a + b
-	Subtraction	a - b
*	Multiplication	a * b
/	Division	a / b
%	Modulus (remainder)	a % b
**	Exponentiation	a ** b
//	Floor Division	a // b

✅ Example:

a = 10
b = 3

print(a + b)  # 13
print(a - b)  # 7
print(a * b)  # 30
print(a / b)  # 3.33
print(a % b)  # 1

---

🔸 2. Assignment Operators

Used to assign values to variables.

Operator	Description	Example
=	Assign	a = 5
+=	Add and assign	a += 2
-=	Subtract and assign	a -= 3
*=	Multiply and assign	a *= 4
/=	Divide and assign	a /= 2
%=	Modulus and assign	a %= 3

✅ Example:

a = 5
a += 2      # a = a + 2 → 7
print(a)    # 7

---

🔸 3. Comparison Operators

Used to compare two values and return True or False.

Operator	Description	Example
==	Equal to	a == b
!=	Not equal to	a != b
>	Greater than	a > b
<	Less than	a < b
>=	Greater or equal	a >= b
<=	Less or equal	a <= b

✅ Example:

a = 10
b = 5
print(a > b)   # True
print(a == b)  # False

---

🔸 4. Logical Operators

Used to combine conditional statements.

Operator	Description	Example
and	True if both	a > 5 and b < 5
or	True if any one	a > 5 or b < 2
not	Reverse the result	not(a > b)

✅ Example:

a = 10
b = 5

print(a > 5 and b < 10)  # True
print(a < 5 or b == 5)   # True
print(not a == b)        # True

---

🔸 5. Identity Operators

Check if two variables point to the same object.

Operator	Description	Example
is	Same identity	a is b
is not	Different identity	a is not b

✅ Example:

x = [1, 2]
y = [1, 2]
z = x

print(x is z)       # True
print(x is y)       # False
print(x is not y)   # True

---

🔸 6. Membership Operators

Check if a value exists in a sequence (list, string, tuple).

Operator	Description	Example
in	Present in sequence	"a" in "Arvind"
not in	Not present	"z" not in "AI"

✅ Example:

skills = ["Python", "AI", "ML"]
print("Python" in skills)    # True
print("Java" not in skills)  # True

---

🔸 7. Bitwise Operators

Operate on binary numbers (bit-level).

Operator	Description	Example
&	AND	a & b
`	`	OR
^	XOR	a ^ b
~	NOT	~a
<<	Left Shift	a << 1
>>	Right Shift	a >> 1

✅ Example:

a = 5    # 0101
b = 3    # 0011

print(a & b)  # 1
print(a | b)  # 7
print(~a)     # -6

---

✅ Summary Table

Category	Operators
Arithmetic	+ - * / % // **
Assignment	= += -= *= /=
Comparison	== != > < >= <=
Logical	and or not
Identity	is, is not
Membership	in, not in
Bitwise	`&

---

✅ Real-World Use Example:

username = "arvind"
password = "1234"

if username == "arvind" and password == "1234":
    print("Login successful")
else:
    print("Access denied")

---

✅ Best Practices

• Use parentheses for clarity: (a > 5 and b < 10)
• Don't confuse = (assign) with == (compare)
• Use is for identity (not equality)
• Always write readable conditions

---